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Causes of Pimples
Pimples are also known as spots or zits
Pimples occur when the sebaceous glands, which are located at the base of hair follicles, become overactive. The most susceptible parts of the body are the face, back, chest and elbow. Pimples are palpable signs of acne, especially when an escapement occurs.
Concern is growing among specialists regarding the continued use of antibiotics for acne treatment
and its contribution to bacterial resistance. Experts from the Centre of Evidence-Based Dermatology at the University of Nottingham, England, wrote in The Lancet (August 2011 issue) that although pharmacies are well stocked with a wide range of acne medications, few studies have been carried out regarding their efficacy.
Sebaceous glands - Causes of Pimples
The sebaceous glands are tiny skin glands which secrete sebum - an waxy/oily substance - to lubricate the skin and hair of mammals (humans are mammals).In human beings they happen throughout all skin sites except the palms and soles; there is a more extensive abundance of sebaceous glands on the face and scalp. In our eyelids, meibomian sebaceous glands secrete a special type of sebum into tears.
Several clinical conditions are linked to an abnormality in sebaceous gland function, including:
- Acne (pimples).
- Sebaceous cysts - closed sacs or cysts below the surface of the skin.
- Hyperplasia - the sebaceous glands become enlarged, producing yellow, shiny bumps on the face.
- Sebaceous adenoma - a slow-growing tumor (benign, non-cancerous) usually presenting as a pink, flesh-colored, or unethical papule or nodule.
- Sebaceous gland carcinoma - an aggressive (cancerous) and uncommon skin tumor.
If a breakout occurs, doctors highly recommend that they be treated promptly to prevent the risk developing severe acne. There is also the danger that untreated severe zits may result in visible scars on the skin.
Causes of pimples/ zits
The sebaceous glandulars, which produce sebum, exist inside the pores of our skin. The outer layers of our skin are being shed continuously.
Sometimes, dead skin cells are left behind and get stuck together by the sticky sebum, causing a blockage in the pore.
Opening blockage is more likely to occur during puberty (the process of physical changes by which a child's body system becomes an adult body capable of generation). More sebum is produced by the sebaceous gland - as the pore is blocked, it accumulates behind the blockage
This accumulated and blocked sebum has bacteria, including Propionibacterium acnes; this slow-growing bacterium is linked to acne. Propionibacterium acnes generally exists harmlessly on our skin - however, when the conditions are right, it can reproduce more rapidly and become a problem. The bacterium feeds off the sebum and produces a substance that causes an immune system response, leading to inflammation of the skin and locations.
"Better" and "bad" microorganisms determine severity and frequency of pimples - analysts at the Washington University School of Medicine identified two unique strains of P. acnes among 20 % of people with pimples and hardly any among those with healthy skin. They found the other with a different P. acnes strain.
The skin of people who are prone to acne are especially sensitive to normal hemoglobin levels of testosterone - a natural hormone found in both males and women. In such persons the testosterone may make the sebaceous glands produce too much sebum, making the clogging up of dead skin cells more likely, which in turn raises the probability of blocking the pores, etc
. You can not catch pimples from another person; pimples are not infectious.
Dairy products and high glycemic index foods linked to pimples - analysts from New York University reported in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics that people who eat a lot of high glycemic index foods and dairy product lines are more likely to have acne. They also suggested that using clinical nutrition therapy may help in the treatment of acne.
Having pimples or acne can be hereditary.
Symptoms of pimples
There are several different types of pimples and they have different signs and symptoms:
- Whiteheads - also known as an off comedo. These are very small and remain under the skin, appearing as a small, flesh-colored papules.
- Blackheads - also known as an open comedo. These are clearly visible; they are black and appear on the surface of the skin. Some people mistakenly believe they are caused by dirt, because of their coloring, and scrub their faces vigorously - this does not help and may irritate the skin and cause other problems.
- Papules - these are small, solid, rounded bumps that rise from the skin. The bumps are often pink.
- Pustules - these are acnes full of pus. They are clearly visible on the surface of the skin. The base is red and the pus is on the top.
- Nodes - these are morphologically similar (similar structure) to papules, but larger. They can be painful and are embedded deep in the skin.
- Cysts - these are clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are filled with pus and are often painful. Cysts commonly cause scars.
How common are pimples (acne)?
Acne is the most common skin disease for teenagers. According to the British Clinical Publication (Clinical Evidence, Authors: Sarah Purdy, David DeBerker):
- More than 80 % of young adults get acne at some point.
- A community sample of 14 to 16 year-olds in the United Kingdom revealed that acne affected 50 % of them.
- A sample study of teenagers in New Zealand found acne was present in 91 % of boys and 79 % of ladies.
- A sample study of teenagers in Portugal found that the average frequency of pimples (in both sexes) was 82 %.
- 30 % of teenagers with pimples required clinical therapy because of its severity.
- General practitioners (GPs, primary care physicians) in the UK reported that 3.1 % of 13 to 25 year-old patients visited them complaining of acne.
- The incidence of acne is similar in both adult males and females.
- Doctors show that acne appears to peak at 17 years of age.
- Acne frequency (presence, occurrence) in adults is increasing, doctors report. We don't know why.
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